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以太坊全节点搭建 ​

需要运行执行层和共识层两个程序。

Linux ​

执行层选择Geth，下载：https://geth.ethereum.org/downloads ，本文使用版本：1.14.12-stable-293a300d

共识层选择Prysm，下载：https://github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/releases ，本文使用版本：v5.2.0/ac1717f1

执行层Geth系统服务配置：

ini
# /etc/systemd/system/geth_full.service
[Unit]
Description=Ethereum geth client
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
User=root
Group=root
Type=simple
Environment="https_proxy=" "http_proxy=" "all_proxy="
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/geth --datadir=/root/.ethereum
KillMode=process
KillSignal=SIGINT
TimeoutStopSec=90
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

共识层Prysm系统服务配置：

ini
# /etc/systemd/system/beacon_chain_full.service
[Unit]
Description=Ethereum beacon chain
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
User=root
Group=root
Type=simple
Environment="https_proxy=" "http_proxy=" "all_proxy="
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/beacon-chain-v5.2.0-linux-amd64 \
--accept-terms-of-use \
--jwt-secret=/root/.ethereum/geth/jwtsecret \
--checkpoint-sync-url=https://mainnet.checkpoint.sigp.io \
--genesis-beacon-api-url=https://mainnet.checkpoint.sigp.io \
--suggested-fee-recipient=0x11dbF181dD5c075C2abD92Cb9579c4809406b5Be \
--datadir=/root/.eth2
KillMode=process
KillSignal=SIGINT
TimeoutStopSec=90
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动Geth：

bash
# 开机启动
systemctl enable geth_full
# 启动
systemctl start geth_full
# 查看状态
systemctl status geth_full
# 停止
systemctl stop geth_full
# 取消开机启动
systemctl disable geth_full
# 查看日志
journalctl -u geth_full -f

启动Prysm：

bash
# 开机启动
systemctl enable beacon_chain_full
# 启动
systemctl start beacon_chain_full
# 查看状态
systemctl status beacon_chain_full
# 停止
systemctl stop beacon_chain_full
# 取消开机启动
systemctl disable beacon_chain_full
# 查看日志
journalctl -u beacon_chain_full -f

执行层操作：

bash
# 进入 Geth 控制台
/usr/bin/geth attach --datadir=/root/.ethereum
# 查看执行层同步状态
/usr/bin/geth attach --datadir=/root/.ethereum --exec=eth.syncing

共识层操作：

bash
# 查看共识层同步状态
curl http://127.0.0.1:3500/eth/v1/node/syncing

macOS ​

bash
# 安装 Geth
brew install ethereum
# 查看版本
geth --version

下载：https://github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/releases/，本文使用版本：`v6.0.0`

执行层Geth系统服务配置/Library/LaunchDaemons/geth.plist：

xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC -//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN
        http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd >
<plist version="1.0">
    <dict>
        <key>Label</key>
        <string>geth</string>
        <key>ProgramArguments</key>
        <array>
            <string>/opt/homebrew/bin/geth</string>
            <string>--datadir=/Volumes/KINGSTON SNV3S2000G/.ethereum</string>
        </array>
        <key>KeepAlive</key>
        <true/>
        <key>RunAtLoad</key>
        <true/>
        <key>StandardOutPath</key>
        <string>/var/log/geth.log</string>
        <key>StandardErrorPath</key>
        <string>/var/log/geth.log</string>
    </dict>
</plist>

检查plist语法是否正确：

bash
plutil /Library/LaunchDaemons/geth.plist

共识层Prysm系统服务配置/Library/LaunchDaemons/beacon-chain.plist：

xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC -//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN
        http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd >
<plist version="1.0">
    <dict>
        <key>Label</key>
        <string>beacon-chain</string>
        <key>ProgramArguments</key>
        <array>
            <string>/usr/local/bin/beacon-chain</string>
            <string>--accept-terms-of-use</string>
            <string>--jwt-secret=/Volumes/KINGSTON SNV3S2000G/.ethereum/geth/jwtsecret</string>
            <string>--checkpoint-sync-url=https://mainnet.checkpoint.sigp.io</string>
            <string>--genesis-beacon-api-url=https://mainnet.checkpoint.sigp.io</string>
            <string>--suggested-fee-recipient=0x11dbF181dD5c075C2abD92Cb9579c4809406b5Be</string>
            <string>--datadir=/Volumes/KINGSTON SNV3S2000G/.eth2</string>
        </array>
        <key>KeepAlive</key>
        <true/>
        <key>RunAtLoad</key>
        <true/>
        <key>StandardOutPath</key>
        <string>/var/log/beacon-chain.log</string>
        <key>StandardErrorPath</key>
        <string>/var/log/beacon-chain.log</string>
    </dict>
</plist>

检查plist语法是否正确：

bash
plutil /Library/LaunchDaemons/beacon-chain.plist

启动Geth：

bash
# 开机启动
launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/geth.plist
# 启动服务
launchctl start geth
# 查看状态
launchctl print system/geth
# 停止
launchctl stop geth
# 取消开机启动
launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/geth.plist
# 查看日志
tail -f /var/log/geth.*

启动Prysm：

bash
# 开机启动
launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/beacon-chain.plist
# 启动服务
launchctl start beacon-chain
# 查看状态
launchctl print system/beacon-chain
# 停止
launchctl stop beacon-chain
# 取消开机启动
launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/beacon-chain.plist
# 查看日志
tail -f /var/log/beacon-chain.*

执行层操作：

bash
# 进入 Geth 控制台
geth attach --datadir=/Volumes/KINGSTON\ SNV3S2000G/.ethereum
# 查看执行层同步状态
geth attach --datadir=/Volumes/KINGSTON\ SNV3S2000G/.ethereum --exec=eth.syncing

共识层操作：

bash
# 查看共识层同步状态
curl http://127.0.0.1:3500/eth/v1/node/syncing

datadir 在外接硬盘时读写无权限的问题 ​

在设置中要授予二进制文件“完全磁盘访问权限”：

截屏2025-04-28 18.24.38